New records of 31 rare and red-listed species of the family Parmeliaceae from the Czech Republic are reported. A major part of these species, including Evernia divaricata, E. mesomorpha, Flavo- parmelia soredians, Hypotrachyna revoluta, Parmotrema perlatum and Usnea sp. div., are recently spreading epiphytic lichens positi- vely responding to decreased sulfur dioxide concentrations and cli- mate changes. Other reported species are rare lichens of old-growth forests (Alectoria sarmentosa, Hypogymnia bitteri and H. vittata), rare saxicolous lichens (Allantoparmelia alpicola, Melanohalea infumata and Xanthoparmelia tinctina), or other phytogeographi- cally remarkable lichens (e.g. Letharia vulpina). Hypotrachyna afrorevoluta, H. lividescens and Punctelia borreri are new to the Czech Republic, H. lividescens is new to Central Europe.
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